Multiprocessing Essay -- essays research papers

Multiprocessing Multiprocessing refers to a computer organizations ability to jut out more than one process or program at the same time. Multiprocessing in operation(p) systems enable several programs to run concurrently. UNIX is one of the most widely used parallel processing systems, but in that respect are m all others, including OS/2 for high-end personal computers and Windows NT for work groups. Multiprocessing systems are much more complicated than single-process systems because the operating system must assign resources to competing processes in the most efficient manner. (IBM Dictionary of Computing, Tenth Edition, McGraw-Hill, (1994)).Types of MultiprocessingSymmetric multiprocessing refers to the processing of programs by multiple processors that share a common operating system, storehouse and entropy path. A single copy of the operating system controls all processors. Symmetric multiprocessing units of this type are also referred to as dual-lane everything systems. These systems usually do not exceed 16 processors.(Image courtesy of Sequent Manufacturing)The most common uses of these types of systems are commercial servers of web applications such used in on line commerce. The advantages of this particular configuration are that they can be easily upgraded by the addition of more processors. These processors are available to execute any of the given processes as soon as the operating system recognizes and configures the new hardware. However, the limitations of such a configuration are that with shared memory, there is a backbreaking emphasis on data manipulation. As each processor competes for a limited amount of shared memory, this limits the speed and up-gradability of such a system. Manufacturers must blaspheme on the development of faster, higher capacity memory to overcome this disadvantage. Currently symmetric multiprocessing computers can address up to 14 gigabytes of physical memory and approximately 2 terabytes of storage. (Sequent Manufacturing Inc., white papers 1998)Parallel ProcessingParallel processing is a form of information processing that emphasizes the concurrent manipulation of data elements belonging to one or more process solving a single problem. It is also referred to as a shared nothing system. These systems are represent of many loosely connected nodes or P/M ... ...to produce a result from a device.C.The number of results a device produces over a unit of time.D.The time it takes a device to retrieve the next instruction.E.None of the above6.Which of the following operating systems does not support multiprocessing?A.Microsoft Windows NTB.UNIXC.OS/2D.LINUXE.All of the above support multiprocessing.7.Which of the following applications would benefit most by multiprocessing?A.A large Word document.B.A large Excel spreadsheet.C.A video gameD.A large Multi-user Database.E.None of the above.8.LINUX is an off shoot of which multiprocessing operating system?A.UNIXB.Windows 98C.OS/2D.Windows NTE.MS DOS9.Which Pittsburgh University is currently developing new multiprocessing operating systems?A.University of Pittsburgh.B.Carnegie-Mellon UniversityC.Robert Morris CollegeD.Point Park CollegeE.None of the above10.Linus Torvalds isA.The inventor of UNIX operating systemB.The chairman of the board of Microsoft Corp.C.The inventor of LINUX operating systemD.The guy that cuts Packys grass.1. (C) 2. (A) 3.(A) 4.(A) 5.(C) 6.(E) 7.(D) 8.(A) 9.(B) 10.(C)

Essay on Faith in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown -- Young Goodman Bro

Faith in late Goodman Brown For those who have not studied the Puritans or their beliefs, Nathaniel Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown is not much more than a story of lost (or maybe just confused) confidence. Hawthone, a man of puritan descent, had some oppositions to the ideals that Puritans followed. Some of these ideals are discussed in his Young Goodman Brown. The basic impression that most people have of Puritans describes them as dour, irascible, self-righteous, hypocritical people who hated sex, joy, and life. They dressed in black, they hated nature, they burned witches, and they keep down altogether natural desires,. This is the view that influences most people when Puritans appear in literature. We see the stereotypical hatred of the forest (the chew ups playground), the fear of Indians (the Devils spawn) and the extreme fear of the Devil himself run rampant in Young Goodman Brown. Hawthornes description of the forest is very disheartening. He had taken a dreary road , darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest... (p 375) This is a rather depressing and f... ... not be so blindly relied upon. However, after a bit more delving, that the story speaks not only of faith and its hazards, but of the flaws in the puritan system. 1.) Roberts, Trish. Background to the American Puritans.http//www.missouri.edu/engpat/purs.html. (accessed 2-1-02) 2.) Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Young Goodman Brown. printed in A Handbook of CriticalApproaches to Literature Fourth Edition. Editors Wilfred L. Guerin, Earle Labor, Lee Morgan, Jeanne C. Reesman, thaumaturgy R. Willingham. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 1999.